ADHD
        Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Class Presentation
 Ed Loewenton  Tuesday, November 06, 2001   GPS 515
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Back to Notes & Introduction      DSM-IV   Neurology  Other perspectives

Haenlein, M., & Caul, W. F. (1987). Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity: a specific hypothesis of reward dysfunction. Journal of the American academy of child and adolescent psychiatry,26, 356-362.
Demonstrates that ADHD and normal children differ in their response to reward contingencies on various tasks requiring sustained attention. ADHD children do less well in conditions of partial reinforcement or reduced reward. Administration of stimulant medication eliminates this difference. Authors suggest an hypothesis of an elevated reward threshold in ADHD children.

Barkley, Russell A (1997). ADHD and the Nature of Self-control (1997). New York: The Guilford Press.
An excellent comprehensive resource  for theory and references.  Barkley does take the view that ADHD is entirely biological and should be treated with Ritalin, but does provide as complete a single resource as I have found.

Goodman, J. R., & Stevenson, J. (1989) A twin study of hyperactivity - II: The Aeteliogical role of genes, family relationships, and perinatal adversity. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 30 691-709.
Large sample of twins, adopted out at birth and assessed by parent and teacher rating. Monozygotic twins were more alike than dizygotic on ratings of hyperactivity and attention. Link between family factors and hyperactivity was weak. No relation found with perinatal adversity.

Teicher, M. H., Anderson, C. M., et al.  (2000). Functional deficits in basal ganglia of children with ADHD shown with fMRI. Nature Medicine, v6,  No. 4, 470-473.
ADHD children had lower metabolic rates in basal ganglia than normals during lab tasks of attention, and poorer performance.  Differences reduced in some children with stimulant medication.  Confounding factor - All of the ADHD Ss had been taking medication, although some were given placebo during test trials. No never-medicated Ss were used.