ADHD
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Diagnosis and Treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference Statement
November 16-18, 1998
Participants

Consensus Development Panel

David J. Kupfer, M.D.
Panel and Conference Chairperson
Thomas Detre Professor and Chair of Psychiatry
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic
Department of Psychiatry
University of Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Robert S. Baltimore, M.D.
Professor of Pediatrics, Epidemiology, and Public Health
Division of Infectious Diseases
Department of Pediatrics
Yale University School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut

Donald A. Berry, Ph.D.
Professor
Institute of Statistics and Decision Sciences
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, North Carolina

Naomi Breslau, Ph.D.
Director of Research
Department of Psychiatry
Henry Ford Health System
Detroit, Michigan

Everett H. Ellinwood, M.D.
Professor of Psychiatry and Pharmacology
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, North Carolina

Janis Ferre
Past Chair
Utah Governor's Council for People With Disabilities
Salt Lake City, Utah

Donna M. Ferriero, M.D.
Associate Professor of Neurology
Division of Child Neurology
Department of Neurology
University of California, San Francisco
San Francisco, California

Lynn S. Fuchs, Ph.D.
Professor
Department of Special Education
Peabody College
Vanderbilt University
Nashville, Tennessee

Samuel B. Guze, M.D.
Spencer T. Olin Professor of Psychiatry
Department of Psychiatry
Washington University School of Medicine
St. Louis, Missouri

Beatrix A. Hamburg, M.D.
Visiting Professor
Department of Psychiatry
Cornell University Medical College
New York, New York

Jane McGlothlin, Ph.D.
Assistant Superintendent for Curriculum and Instruction
Scottsdale Unified School District
Phoenix, Arizona

Samuel M. Turner, Ph.D., ABPP
Professor of Psychology
Director of Clinical Training
Department of Psychology
University of Maryland
College Park, Maryland

Mark Vonnegut, M.D.
Pediatrician
Milton Pediatrics
Quincy, Massachusetts

Speakers

Howard Abikoff, Ph.D.
"Matching Patients to Treatments"
Professor of Clinical Psychiatry
Director of Research
NYU Child Study Center
New York University School of Medicine
New York, New York

Sheila Anderson
"Individual and Family Barriers"
Immediate Past National President
Children and Adults With Attention Deficit Disorders
Plantation, Florida

L. Eugene Arnold, M.D., M.Ed.
"Treatment Alternatives for ADHD"
Professor Emeritus of Psychiatry
Ohio State University, Columbus
Sunbury, Ohio

Russell A. Barkley, Ph.D.
"ADHD: Long-Term Course, Adult Outcome, and Comorbid Disorders"
Director of Psychology
Department of Psychiatry
University of Massachusetts Medical Center
Worcester, Massachusetts

Joseph Biederman, M.D.
"Pharmacotherapy of ADHD: Nonstimulant Treatments"
Professor of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School
Chief, Joint Program in Pediatric Psychopharmacology
Massachusetts and McLean General Hospitals
Boston, Massachusetts

Hector R. Bird, M.D.
"The Prevalence and Cross-Cultural Validity of ADHD"
Professor
Clinical Psychiatry
Columbia University
Deputy Director
Child Psychiatry
New York State Psychiatric Institute
New York, New York

Peter R. Breggin, M.D.
"Risks and Mechanism of Action of Stimulants"
Director
Center for the Study of Psychiatry and Psychology
Bethesda, Maryland

William B. Carey, M.D.
"Is ADHD a Valid Disorder?"
Clinical Professor of Pediatrics
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine
Division of General Pediatrics
Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

Betty Chemers, M.A.
"The Impact of ADHD on the Juvenile Justice System"
Director of Research and Program Development
Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention
Washington, D.C.

C. Keith Conners, Ph.D., M.A.
"Overview of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)"
Director, ADHD Program
Department of Psychiatry
Duke University Medical Center
Durham, North Carolina

James R. Cooper, M.D.
"Availability of Stimulant Medications: Nature and Extent of Abuse and Associated Harm"
Associate Director for Medical Affairs
Division of Clinical and Services Research
National Institute on Drug Abuse
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Louis Danielson, Ph.D.
"Educational Policy: Educating Children With Attention Deficit Disorders"
Director, Division of Research to Practice
Office of Special Education Programs
Office of Special Education and Rehabilitative Services
U.S. Department of Education
Washington, D.C.

Gretchen Feussner
"Diversion, Trafficking, and Abuse of Methylphenidate"
Pharmacologist
Drug and Chemical Evaluation Section
Office of Diversion Control
Drug Enforcement Administration
Arlington, Virginia

Steven R. Forness, Ed.D.
"The Impact of ADHD on School Systems"
Professor of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences
Neuropsychiatric Hospital
University of California, Los Angeles
Los Angeles, California

Laurence L. Greenhill, M.D.
"Stimulant Medications"
Research Psychiatrist II
New York State Psychiatric Institute
Columbia University
New York, New York

Stephen P. Hinshaw, Ph.D.
"Impairment: Childhood and Adolescence"
Professor of Psychology
Director of Clinical Psychology Training Program
Department of Psychology
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, California

Kimberly Hoagwood, Ph.D.
"A National Perspective on Treatments and Services for Children With ADHD"
Chief of Child and Adolescent Services Research
Services Research Branch
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Peter S. Jensen, M.D.
"Behavioral and Medication Treatments for ADHD: Comparisons and Combinations"
Associate Director for Child and Adolescent Research
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Charlotte Johnston, Ph.D.
"The Impact of ADHD on Social and Vocational Functioning in Adults"
Associate Professor
Department of Psychology
University of British Columbia
Vancouver, British Columbia
Canada

Peter W. Kalivas, Ph.D.
"Sensitization and the Risk of Exposure to Stimulant Medications"
Professor and Chair
Department of Physiology and Neuroscience
Medical University of South Carolina
Charleston, South Carolina

Kelly J. Kelleher, M.D., M.P.H.
"Use of Services and Costs for Youth With ADHD and Related Conditions"
Staunton Professor of Pediatrics and Psychiatry
Child Services Research and Development Program
University of Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Rachel G. Klein, Ph.D.
"Alcohol, Nicotine, Stimulants, and Other Drugs"
Director of Clinical Psychology
Department of Psychology
New York State Psychiatric Institute
New York, New York

Benjamin B. Lahey, Ph.D.
"Current Diagnostic Schema/Core Dimensions"
Professor of Psychiatry
Chief of Psychology
Department of Psychiatry
University of Chicago
Chicago, Illinois

Nadine M. Lambert, Ph.D.
"Stimulant Treatment as a Risk Factor for Nicotine Use and Substance Abuse"
Professor
Cognition and Development Area
Director, School Psychology Program
Graduate School of Education
University of California, Berkeley
Berkeley, California

Jan Loney, Ph.D.
"Risk of Treatment Versus Nontreatment"
Professor
Department of Psychiatry
State University of New York at Stony Brook
Stony Brook, New York

William E. Pelham, Jr., Ph.D.
"Psychosocial Interventions"
Professor and Director of Clinical Training
Department of Psychology
State University of New York at Buffalo
Buffalo, New York

Andrew S. Rowland, Ph.D.
"Public Health Perspectives and Toxicological Issues Concerning Stimulant Medications"
Epidemiologist
Epidemiology Branch
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
National Institutes of Health
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina

James Swanson, Ph.D.
"Biological Bases of ADHD: Neuroanatomy, Genetics, and Pathophysiology"
Professor of Pediatrics
Department of Pediatrics
University of California, Irvine
Irvine, California

Rosemary Tannock, Ph.D.
"Cognitive and Behavioral Correlates"
Scientist
Associate Professor of Psychiatry
Brain and Behavior Program
Research Institute for the Hospital for Sick Children
University of Toronto
Toronto, Ontario
Canada

Timothy E. Wilens, M.D.
"ADHD and Risk for Substance Use Disorders"
Associate Professor of Psychiatry
Harvard Medical School
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts

Mark L. Wolraich, M.D.
"Current Assessment and Treatment Practices"
Professor of Pediatrics
Director, Division of Child Development
Department of Pediatrics
Vanderbilt University
Nashville, Tennessee        
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Planning Committee

James R. Cooper, M.D.
Planning Committee Co-Chairperson
Associate Director for Medical Affairs
Division of Clinical and Services Research
National Institute on Drug Abuse
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Peter S. Jensen, M.D.
Planning Committee Co-Chairperson
Associate Director for Child and Adolescent Research
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Sheila Anderson
Immediate Past National President
Children and Adults With Attention Deficit Disorders
Plantation, Florida

Elaine Baldwin
Chief, Public Affairs and Science Reports Branch
Office of Scientific Information
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Cheryl Boyce, Ph.D.
Society for Research in Child Development Fellow
Developmental Psychopathology Research Branch
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Sarah Broman, Ph.D.
Health Science Administrator
Division of Fundamental Neuroscience and Developmental Disorders
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

J.A. Costa e Silva, M.D.
Director
Division of Mental Health and Prevention of Substance Abuse
World Health Organization
Geneva, Switzerland

Dorynne J. Czechowicz, M.D.
Medical Officer
Division of Clinical and Services Research
National Institute on Drug Abuse
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Jerry M. Elliott
Program Analysis and Management Officer
Office of Medical Applications of Research
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

John H. Ferguson, M.D.
Director
Office of Medical Applications of Research
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Gretchen Feussner
Pharmacologist
Drug and Chemical Evaluation Section
Office of Diversion Control
Drug Enforcement Administration
Arlington, Virginia

Laurence L. Greenhill, M.D.
Research Psychiatrist II
New York State Psychiatric Institute
Columbia University
New York, New York

William H. Hall
Director of Communications
Office of Medical Applications of Research
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

John King
Deputy Assistant Administrator
Office of Diversion Control
Drug Enforcement Administration
Arlington, Virginia

David J. Kupfer, M.D.
Panel and Conference Chairperson
Thomas Detre Professor and Chair of Psychiatry
Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic
Department of Psychiatry
University of Pittsburgh
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

Benjamin B. Lahey, Ph.D.
Professor of Psychiatry
Chief of Psychology
Department of Psychiatry
University of Chicago
Chicago, Illinois

Jan Loney, Ph.D.
Professor
Department of Psychiatry
State University of New York at Stony Brook
Stony Brook, New York

Reid Lyon, Ph.D.
Chief
Child Development and Behavior Branch
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Stuart L. Nightingale, M.D.
Associate Commissioner for Health Affairs
Food and Drug Administration
Rockville, Maryland

William E. Pelham, Jr., Ph.D.
Professor and Director of Clinical Training
Department of Psychology
State University of New York at Buffalo
Buffalo, New York

Elizabeth Rahdert, Ph.D.
Research Psychologist
Treatment Research Branch
Division of Clinical and Services Research
National Institute on Drug Abuse
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Andrew S. Rowland, Ph.D.
Epidemiologist
Epidemiology Branch
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
National Institutes of Health
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina

Ellen Schiller, Ph.D.
Special Assistant
Division of Research to Practice
Office of Special Education Programs
U.S. Department of Education
Washington, D.C.

Bennett Shaywitz, M.D.
Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology
Department of Pediatrics
Yale University School of Medicine
New Haven, Connecticut

Charles R. Sherman, Ph.D.
Deputy Director
Office of Medical Applications of Research
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Benedetto Vitiello, M.D.
Chief
Child and Adolescent Treatment and Preventive Intervention Research Branch
Division of Services and Intervention Research
National Institute of Mental Health
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland

Timothy E. Wilens, M.D.
Associate Professor of Psychiatry
Harvard Medical School
Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, Massachusetts     
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Office of Medical Applications of Research
John H. Ferguson, M.D.
Director

National Institute on Drug Abuse
Alan I. Leshner, Ph.D.
Director

National Institute of Mental Health
Steven E. Hyman, M.D.
Director

Supporting Organizations

National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Kenneth Olden, Ph.D.
Director

National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
Duane Alexander, M.D.
Director

U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Michael A. Friedman, M.D.
Acting Commissioner

Office of Special Education Programs
U.S. Department of Education
Thomas Hehir, Ed.D.
Director